Two distinct advances spotlight microRNA’s dual role as a biomarker and therapeutic handle. Researchers reported engineered NK‑92 cell exosomes delivering miR‑124 that suppressed breast cancer migration in preclinical models, demonstrating a targeted exosomal microRNA delivery strategy for tumor modulation. Separately, teams described wearable nanopatch platforms capable of real‑time miRNA sensing and on‑patch editing, aiming for longitudinal molecular monitoring in cancer management. The exosome study used genetically modified NK‑92 cells to load and transfer miR‑124, yielding anti‑metastatic phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. The wearable nanopatch concept integrates nanosensors with signal processing to detect circulating or interstitial miRNA signatures and, in some designs, to perform localized editing or release interventions. Together these reports indicate parallel translational vectors: biologic delivery systems to modulate miRNA‑driven pathways and minimally invasive diagnostics to monitor miRNA dynamics. Clinical translation will hinge on assay sensitivity, delivery specificity, biodistribution, and regulatory frameworks for combination diagnostics/therapeutics.