A series of studies published in Microplastics & Nanoplastics highlight the widespread presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in diverse environments and human systems, including detection in human blood and feces. Advances in AI and spectroscopy are enhancing microplastic detection accuracy amid challenges in quantification and standardization. Environmental and health implications are under scrutiny, with calls for refined monitoring and risk assessment approaches given potential exposure pathways and biological impacts.