Researchers engineered microglia with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to selectively phagocytose Aβ1‑42, reporting increased uptake of pathogenic amyloid species in vitro and in vivo models. The study demonstrates that CNS‑resident immune cells can be retargeted with CAR architecture to tackle extracellular aggregates implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. The approach differs from peripheral CAR‑T strategies by using innate CNS phagocytes and could inform cell‑based neurodegeneration therapies; key next steps include safety, off‑target activity and delivery across the blood‑brain barrier.