A Thai tertiary care study analyzed 218 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates and found extensive resistance with frequent co-occurrence of key resistance genes. In parallel, another surveillance report in Uganda identified carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae in hospital wastewater at Mulago National Referral Hospital, including blaNDM carbapenemase and virulence-associated capsular determinants—raising the risk of resistance persistence beyond patient wards.