Groundbreaking studies from the Broad Institute and Massachusetts General Hospital reveal that hypoxia, or exposure to low oxygen levels, can restore neuronal function and alleviate motor symptoms in mice modeled with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Contradicting prior assumptions that brain oxygen deprivation is harmful, this research identifies brain hyperoxia as a neurodegenerative driver and suggests therapeutic potential for controlled low-oxygen treatments in PD. Collaborations involving pioneering experts like Vamsi Mootha and Fumito Ichinose underscore the significance of these findings, published in Nature Neuroscience.