A study characterizing immune changes in people living with HIV (PLWH) who switched from daily oral therapy to long‑acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine reports notable shifts in monocyte populations and immune signaling. The findings document altered innate immune profiles after the switch and suggest clinicians should monitor immunologic parameters during long‑acting regimen transitions. Authors examined peripheral blood monocyte subsets and transcriptional signatures, reporting increases in activation markers and changes in cytokine‑related pathways. The regimen—now used as monthly or bimonthly injectables—removes daily adherence constraints but may reshape innate immunity in ways that warrant follow‑up. The study flags potential implications for infection risk, inflammation, and vaccine responsiveness in PLWH on injectable therapy and calls for longitudinal, clinically correlated monitoring in larger cohorts.