Two complementary reports mapped lipid nanoparticle (LNP) architectures and linked particle morphology to delivery performance, providing actionable guidance for RNA‑therapeutic formulation. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, Brookhaven National Laboratory and collaborators used orthogonal biophysical techniques to reveal distinct LNP configurations and correlate them to intracellular delivery efficiency. One overview piece summarized how structural diversity among LNPs explains variable biological behavior and delivery outcomes; a Nature Biotechnology paper presented detailed methods and data that enable formulators to match LNP design to target tissues. The studies emphasize that LNPs are not a single class but a family of structurally distinct vehicles whose composition alters immunogenicity and tropism. Authors and commentators said the work should accelerate rational LNP optimization across genetic medicines and cancer vaccines by reducing trial‑and‑error formulation cycles and improving predictability for tissue targeting.