Gilead’s Kite Pharma signed a licensing and collaboration deal with China’s Pregene Biopharma to accelerate development of in vivo CAR‑T therapies, with reported value up to $1.64 billion and an $120 million upfront payment. The companies will combine Kite’s clinical experience with Pregene’s high‑throughput in vivo and manufacturing platforms to advance next‑generation, in‑patient CAR programs in oncology and autoimmune diseases. In vivo CAR‑T aims to generate therapeutic CAR T cells directly inside patients using delivery systems rather than ex vivo manufacturing. That approach could reduce cost and complexity compared with current harvest‑engineer‑infuse models and increase scalability if delivery and safety hurdles are solved.