A Nature 2025 study identified a novel gut bacterial strain, YB328, that surpasses known commensals in activating and reprogramming bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), key orchestrators of antitumor immunity. YB328 triggers enhanced maturation and functional programming of dendritic cells, leading to robust immune responses against tumors in preclinical models. This discovery unveils a new avenue for microbiota-based immunotherapies leveraging microbial modulation of innate immune components to improve cancer treatment outcomes.