Researchers have advanced perovskite solar cells optimized for indoor fluorescent light, enabling efficient electrical power generation in artificial lighting conditions. Another team developed a passive bioplastic cooling metafilm capable of reducing building surface temperatures by over 9°C and cutting urban energy use by up to 20%. Additionally, Texas A&M pioneered bio-manufacturing with synthetic lichens to autonomously construct Martian habitats using regolith, offering a sustainable approach to extraterrestrial building. These technologies promise transformative impacts on energy efficiency, urban sustainability, and off-planet colonization strategies.