Progress in oncology includes new AI-enabled diagnostic tools such as OncoMet deep learning for esophageal cancer progression and fecal miR-92a biomarker screening for colorectal cancer. CAR T-cell therapy development is being optimized with validated reagents and streamlined workflows to maximize safety and efficacy. Research also highlighted the role of exosomes in tumor pathogenesis and fibrates boosting bladder cancer immunotherapy. Furthermore, integration of multi-omics approaches is enhancing understanding of tumor microenvironments and drug resistance mechanisms.