CAR-T cell therapy continues to evolve with next-generation constructs designed to overcome tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Multi-targeting CAR-T cells and engineered modules improve specificity and potency. Capstan Therapeutics is developing in vivo CAR-T cell generation through targeted lipid nanoparticles delivering mRNA to specific T-cell populations, potentially simplifying manufacturing and lymphodepletion requirements. Vertex Pharmaceuticals reported promising Phase 1/2 data for their Type 1 diabetes cell therapy, zimislecel, where most patients achieved insulin independence with maintained blood glucose control. These advances promise greater efficacy and accessibility of cellular immunotherapies.