Significant progress is underway in cancer research focusing on acute leukemias, colorectal cancer, and drug resistance mechanisms. A novel therapeutic target combining histone acetyltransferases MOZ/KAT6A and HBO1/KAT7 has been identified as critical in NUP98 fusion-driven pediatric acute myeloid leukemia, presenting a promising intervention strategy. In parallel, a sophisticated organoid model replicates residual colorectal cancer stem cells post-chemotherapy, providing insights into tumor recurrence and resistance. Moreover, genetic barcoding techniques are advancing the understanding of cancer drug resistance evolution, offering quantitative views of tumor adaptation over time, thereby paving the way for refined personalized treatment approaches.