Recent breakthroughs in cancer treatment highlight the integration of oncolytic viruses (OVs) with immunotherapy, offering new avenues by selectively targeting and lysing tumor cells while eliciting robust anti-tumor immune responses. Complementing this, advancements in in vivo CAR T cell production promise to streamline manufacturing pipelines and enhance therapeutic accessibility. These developments signify transformative strategies in oncology, spearheaded by leading research institutions and biotech firms, emphasizing the potential for improved outcomes in difficult-to-treat malignancies.