Researchers reported early results from the first inhalable gene‑therapy program for lung cancer, demonstrating feasibility of delivering therapeutic nucleic acids via aerosolized formulations. Initial human testing showed target engagement in pulmonary tissues and manageable delivery‑related effects, according to researchers presenting the data. The approach seeks to reduce systemic exposure and improve local gene transfer to lung tumors, potentially enabling repeated dosing and combination with existing systemic therapies. Investigators caution that data are preliminary and that larger studies are required to define durability, efficacy and safety across patient subgroups.