Two complementary reports spotlight advances and challenges in translating gene editing to in vivo and prenatal settings. One review describes the field’s push from ex vivo to in vivo approaches using base and prime editors and evolving vectors; translational barriers include targeted delivery, immunogenicity and off‑target assessment. The second account summarized presentations at an American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy (ASGCT) meeting that highlighted early clinical and in utero editing concepts aimed at severe, early‑onset genetic diseases. Speakers emphasized that precise editing modalities now exist, but successful clinical application hinges on vector engineering, dosing windows and tissue access. The community is pursuing both delivery‑centric innovations and regulatory frameworks to enable safe first‑in‑human in vivo and prenatal interventions.