Scientists demonstrated that human gastric organoids engineered with pancreatic reprogramming factors can produce insulin-secreting cells after transplantation into mice, lowering blood glucose for weeks in diabetic models. The Stem Cell Reports study used an inducible cassette encoding NEUROG3, PDX1 and MAFA to convert human gastric tissue into beta‑like cells in vivo. Transplanted organoids survived up to six months and generated insulin-positive cells expressing key beta-cell markers; glycemic control was achieved transiently but not maintained long term in the rodent recipients. Investigators emphasized this is a proof of principle toward autologous, in situ cell therapies that could avoid donor islets and chronic immunosuppression. Next steps include improving long-term function, scaling differentiation controls, and assessing safety — especially the risks of ectopic gene activation or uncontrolled growth — before human translation can be contemplated.