Teams led by the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and collaborators reported a reproducible, scalable method to generate thousands of human kidney organoids and successfully integrate them into perfused porcine kidneys ex vivo. Researchers used normothermic machine perfusion to seed human pluripotent stem cell–derived kidney organoids into live pig kidneys and monitor integration and viability in real time. The work, published in Nature Biomedical Engineering and accompanying reports, demonstrates a path to scalable organoid production and an experimental platform for assessing transplantation viability in large mammalian hosts. Authors highlight potential uses in drug screening and as a preclinical step toward regenerative kidney therapies, while noting translational hurdles including immunogenicity, vascular integration, and regulatory pathways.