A research team at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology revealed the molecular mechanism by which human DICER processes microRNAs with single‑nucleotide accuracy. The work elucidates conformational and catalytic features of DICER that determine precise cleavage sites, advancing understanding of RNA‑silencing fidelity. The study provides mechanistic context for how perturbations in miRNA processing can contribute to cancer, immune disorders, and other diseases and may inform strategies that manipulate small RNA pathways therapeutically. DICER is the RNase III enzyme central to generating mature miRNAs from precursor transcripts.