Multiple studies reveal the anticancer and antiparasitic potential of natural compounds. Ursolic acid demonstrates activity against breast cancer via the PLK1 pathway, quinoa terpenoids inhibit breast cancer cell migration through miR-21-5p modulation, and Carica papaya extracts show potent anti-amoebic effects. Additionally, perillyl alcohol targets Toxoplasma gondii through isoprenylation pathway interference. These findings underscore the expanding role of bioactive natural substances in therapeutic development.