GSK has agreed to buy Nuvalent for roughly $10.6 billion in cash, a move designed to add two late-stage lung cancer programs to its pipeline. The deal brings ROS1 inhibitor zidesamtinib and ALK blocker neladalkib, both under FDA review with potential 2026 decision timelines. GSK also gains early-stage exposure to NVL-330, a potential HER2-targeting inhibitor in Phase 1, and a preclinical portfolio. The acquisition includes an expected launch pathway for the lead assets if they win approval, with an explicit emphasis on building profit contribution as new products scale. The Nuvalent buyout also signals how Big Pharma is leaning into highly selective targeted oncology strategies to challenge entrenched competitors’ franchises, especially in biomarker-defined non-small cell lung cancer.