Chinese scientists successfully transplanted a genetically modified pig lung into a brain-dead human recipient, maintaining organ viability for nine days without immediate rejection. This achievement marks a historic first in pig-to-human lung transplantation, overcoming challenges related to lung complexity and immune responses inherent to xenotransplantation. Researchers used CRISPR gene editing to remove pig antigens and introduced human genes to improve compatibility, while administering immunosuppressants. Despite this progress, experts urge cautious optimism recognizing the need for further research before clinical application.