Researchers from the University of California San Diego have developed a novel graphene-mediated optical stimulation method (GraMOS) to safely and effectively accelerate the maturation of human brain organoids. This innovation bypasses genetic modification or direct electrical stimulation, using graphene's optoelectronic properties to convert light into electrical cues that promote neuron communication. Published in Nature Communications, this non-genetic and biocompatible technique enhances neural network connectivity and shows promise for modeling age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's. The approach may also impact brain-machine interfaces and biohybrid robotics.