Multiple genetics studies are moving GLP-1 obesity therapy toward more individualized targeting by linking patient variants to weight-loss magnitude and side-effect risk. 23andMe Research Institute reported in Nature that genome-wide association signals at GLP1R—and related GLP1R/GIPR loci—track with differences in weight loss and gastrointestinal adverse effects among 27,885 participants using GLP-1 receptor agonists (including semaglutide and tirzepatide). The analysis suggests receptor-target genetics can partly explain inter-person variability, providing a basis for stratification models using electronic health record (EHR) data. A separate paper published in Nature highlighted specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms that predict GLP-1 weight loss benefits and modulate side-effect profiles, reinforcing the same precision-medicine direction—genetic predictors that could help clinicians anticipate who will respond best and who may experience more nausea or other tolerability issues.