Researchers introduced exfoliome sequencing (Foli‑seq), a method that profiles host mRNA from exfoliated eukaryotic cells in feces to monitor intestinal and immune function. The technique yields stable RNA signatures that reflect epithelial damage, immune activation and recovery dynamics in murine colitis models and stratifies patients with inflammatory bowel disease in human cohorts. Foli‑seq selectively amplifies fragile fecal RNAs for quantitative readouts; this noninvasive assay links host transcriptional states to microbiome changes and could enable longitudinal monitoring without endoscopy. The study is positioned as a tool for translational research and biomarker discovery in gastroenterology.