A pioneering xenotransplantation case saw a genetically modified pig lung transplanted into a brain-dead human remain viable for nine days. Despite no hyperacute rejection due to alpha-gal knockout modification, the lung developed ischemia-reperfusion injury and antibody-mediated rejection over time. This case represents a landmark in transplant medicine, demonstrating the feasibility and ongoing challenges of cross-species lung transplantation, with implications for addressing organ shortages.