A review/innovation piece outlines progress in engineering extracellular vesicles (EVs) as nonviral vectors for gene and protein delivery, arguing EVs can reduce immunogenicity and improve targeting compared with viral vectors. The authors discuss cargo loading strategies, surface engineering for tissue tropism, and manufacturing hurdles for clinical translation. The summary highlights EVs as modular carriers that may enable safer delivery of gene editors and biologics; challenges remain around scalable purification, potency assays and regulatory classification that will govern clinical development.