Researchers reported an enzyme-conversion technique that transforms type O antigens on donor kidneys, enabling transplantation across ABO barriers. The protocol, tested in preclinical/early clinical settings, converts incompatible organs ex vivo to reduce the need for recipient desensitization. The paper describes enzymatic removal or conversion of blood‑group antigens on donor tissue prior to transplant, with metrics showing reduced antibody binding and preserved organ function post‑procedure. Authors argue this approach could expand the donor pool and decrease wait times for sensitized patients. Clinical adoption will require regulatory review, scaled GMP enzyme production, and multicenter trials to validate long‑term graft survival and immunogenicity outcomes.