Environmental research integrates biotechnology to address ecological challenges. Studies reveal groundwater’s pivotal role in sustaining coral reef chemistry and biology, highlighting terrestrial-marine nutrient flux impacts (Ecological Monographs). Meanwhile, termite mounds in Borneo’s rainforests serve as biodiversity hotspots, greatly boosting insect abundance and ecosystem complexity (Soil Ecology Letters). Further, researchers deploy bio-inspired nanozyme chemistry to create a self-powered TB diagnostic device that enhances detection especially in immunocompromised HIV co-infected patients, promising better point-of-care infectious disease management (Nature Biomedical Engineering). These insights inform sustainable biotechnological and conservation strategies.