New research reveals the impact of wildfire smoke and heat stress on adverse birth outcomes in climate-vulnerable populations. Precision agriculture advances include novel AI and sensor-based pesticide application for disease detection and optimized weed control via machine learning approaches. Studies illuminate how straw mulching affects soil CO₂ dynamics in bamboo forests, while innovative materials reduce biofilm formation on medical plastics. Additionally, mechanisms behind bacterial iron acquisition in lung pathogens and plant nanoparticle toxicity disrupting photosynthesis offer new biological insights with agricultural and therapeutic implications.