Nature Biotechnology published a review summarizing clinical progress for engineered cellular immunotherapies targeting autoimmune diseases. Payne and colleagues synthesize emerging trial data across modalities that include antigen-specific regulatory cells and engineered T-cell platforms, noting safety signals, early efficacy readouts, and translational challenges. The review highlights which engineered modalities have reached first-in-human testing and where manufacturing, persistence and antigen specificity remain barriers to broader application. The paper frames next steps for dose optimization and scalable production ahead of larger, registrational trials. Clarification: Engineered cellular immunotherapies modify patient or donor immune cells ex vivo (outside the body) to change specificity or function before reinfusion.