Researchers have developed advanced materials and techniques to enhance energy storage capacities and sustainability. Key breakthroughs include multifunctional organic lithium salts for LiFePO4 battery restoration, carbon coating to improve zinc molybdenum oxide lithium storage, porous carbon nanofibers as zinc-ion capacitor electrodes, and binder-free zinc oxide/carbon nanotube papers for supercapacitors. These highly engineered materials promise significant strides in electric vehicle and renewable energy storage technologies.