Significant strides are underway in diagnostic and imaging modalities. AI-powered models predict prostate cancer Gleason scores using MRI and enhance extranodal extension detection in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer. Deep learning automates lung cancer lymph node contouring, improving radiotherapy planning. Advanced ultrasound and radiomics help predict pancreatic cancer invasion, while novel biosensors enable early disease detection through microfluidic and 3D-printed platforms. These advancements facilitate earlier, more precise diagnostics critical to personalized treatment pathways.