Recent breakthroughs showcase innovative immunotherapy approaches and target identifications in oncology. ARX788 combined with pyrotinib outperformed standard regimens in HER2+ breast cancer, while novel inhibitors against PRMT5, Aurora kinase B, and DNA repair vulnerabilities display therapeutic promise in multiple cancer types including triple-negative breast cancer and glioma. Additionally, the CD47 checkpoint inhibitor HCB-101 localized for commercialization in Asia points to advancements in immune checkpoint targeting. These developments expand the repertoire of modalities for overcoming tumor resistance and enhancing treatment efficacy.