Advances in forensic science and diagnostics continue to provide critical insights across legal and healthcare domains. Novel multiplex assays simultaneously detect HIV-1, HBV, and human STRs, enhancing molecular forensic capabilities. Unconventional forensic methods distinguish human from pig nails and differentiate postmortem age via gene expression and skeletal analyses. Innovations in cardiac biomarker point-of-care postmortem testing promise rapid cause-of-death assessments. These cutting-edge techniques reflect the growing integration of molecular biology, imaging, and computational tools in forensic and diagnostic workflows.