Eli Lilly disclosed a new series of RXFP1 (relaxin receptor 1) agonists with potential utility across pulmonary hypertension, acute and chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy and COPD. The patent describes agonist chemotypes and in vitro pharmacology supporting RXFP1 activation as a route to tissue remodeling and inflammation modulation. RXFP1 agonism is being revisited as a therapeutic lever for fibrotic and cardio‑renal diseases; Lilly’s disclosure signals corporate investment in agonist chemistry and potential clinical development. For clinicians and translational scientists: key next steps include in vivo efficacy, PK/PD, and safety in models of fibrosis and vascular remodeling.