Immunotherapy advancements continue to refine lung cancer treatment paradigms. The Phase 3 EA5181 trial demonstrated no overall survival benefit from concurrent plus consolidative durvalumab compared to consolidation alone in unresectable Stage III NSCLC, challenging existing assumptions about administration timing. Conversely, the CheckMate 77T Phase 3 trial revealed that perioperative nivolumab preserved health-related quality of life and mitigated symptom worsening in resectable NSCLC, supporting its integration in trimodal strategies. Meanwhile, the NADIM ADJUVANT Phase III study presented encouraging interim data, showing adjuvant chemo-immunotherapy significantly reduces recurrence risk in entirely resected Stage IB–IIIA NSCLC. Together, these findings provide nuanced insights into the optimal deployment of immune checkpoint inhibitors in diverse lung cancer stages.