Single‑particle analyses revealed two LNP subpopulations — organized and amorphous — and showed that the disordered, 'messy' nanoparticles release RNA cargo more effectively inside cells. Researchers at the University of Copenhagen presented high‑throughput, single‑particle measurement methods that detected wide heterogeneity in size and cargo distribution and linked structural disorder to higher intracellular release and functional delivery. The work challenges prevailing design assumptions that maximize cargo packing and instead suggests engineered heterogeneity could boost payload release for mRNA vaccines and therapeutics. Teams recommended shifting formulation and screening strategies to favor delivery‑effective subpopulations rather than solely maximizing nominal loading efficiency.