Emerging research unveils novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases and mental health disorders. Innovations include engineered antibodies enhancing Alzheimer’s therapy brain delivery, iPad-based scalable early Parkinson’s detection methods, and insights into microglial defects linked to neurodegeneration. Additionally, suicide risk reduction is significantly aided by a novel mobile app offering targeted cognitive behavioral therapy, and large-scale studies emphasize sex differences in immune responses influencing disease manifestations.