Recent clinical research reveals promising advances as well as challenges in oncology. A Phase 1 trial injecting a modified antibody directly into tumors showed promising responses in metastatic cancer, with some achieving complete remission, highlighting novel immunostimulatory approaches. However, combining dual immune checkpoint inhibition with radiotherapy failed to enhance progression-free survival in certain aggressive glioblastoma patients. In ovarian cancer, targeting TCF7-positive tumor-reactive T cells marked progress in immunotherapy. Additionally, Sarepta confirmed favorable safety data for Elevidys gene therapy in ambulatory Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients amid ongoing concerns of liver-related adverse events.