Multiple studies highlight the complex interplay between climatic shifts and infectious diseases. Rising temperatures and altered weather patterns facilitate expansion of vector-borne diseases like Lyme disease via tick habitat growth. Global drought hotspots escalate, threatening food security and biodiversity. Furthermore, environmental exposures such as air pollution and traditional herbal medicines are linked to lung cancer development in never-smokers. Urban ecosystem studies emphasize tree diversity and canopy management as critical to mitigating heat and boosting ecological resilience.