CSPC gained China NMPA clearance to begin clinical trials of JMT-206 for weight management in people with obesity or overweight with comorbidities, moving a domestic candidate into clinical development amid surging interest in anti-obesity therapeutics. The news arrives against broader uncertainty around GLP‑1 agonists: reporting highlights gaps in knowledge on long-term neurocognitive effects, pregnancy-related weight rebound, and mixed results in Alzheimer’s disease. The broader analysis underscores that despite blockbuster revenues and rapid uptake, regulators and clinicians still face unanswered questions about off-label use, reproductive safety and long-term outcomes. Developers will need robust clinical programs to differentiate new entrants from established GLP‑1 agents and to address safety data demands from regulators and payers.