Recent bioinformatics studies have uncovered key molecular biomarkers, including otoferlin, which distinguish childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) from adult-onset forms and correlate with increased lupus nephritis risk. These findings illuminate the unique pathogenesis of cSLE and provide potential targets for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. The integration of genomics and immune profiling advances understanding of this severe pediatric autoimmune condition, which often leads to critical renal involvement.