Researchers reported preclinical efficacy for GPNMB-targeted CAR-T cells that attack both tumor cells and myeloid cells within a humanized glioblastoma setting. The dual targeting strategy aims to address the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment by disrupting not only malignant cells but also the myeloid components that can sustain immunosuppression. In the reported humanized model, the CAR-T approach showed tumor and myeloid cell eradication, supporting a rationale for improving the therapeutic-to-microenvironment match that has limited prior glioblastoma programs. If replicated across additional models and manufacturing configurations, GPNMB dual targeting could broaden the CAR-T design space toward microenvironment remodeling rather than single-population killing.