AstraZeneca’s in vivo CAR-T program continues to generate early clinical signals as new data from a China trial show cancer responses in a subset of patients, but the dataset includes a death that complicates the risk-benefit read across. The in vivo approach, acquired by AstraZeneca last year, aims to drive CAR expression inside the body rather than through ex vivo manufacturing. The report reflects ongoing scrutiny around durability and safety in next-generation CAR-T variants, particularly those moving toward scalable off-the-shelf or in-body execution models. Separately, broader CAR-T development efforts remain active, including off-the-shelf and within-body strategies that could reduce the time, complexity, and cost of personalized manufacturing—though early efficacy signals are still mixed across approaches.