Recent studies reveal promising cancer therapeutic strategies including Tanshinone IIA enhancing olaparib efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer, and CDK1/CDK2 as emerging targets in oncology. Novel biomarkers such as DHCR24 correlate cholesterol metabolism with cervical cancer progression and immune modulation. Investigations also expose mitochondrial metabolic shifts underpinning colorectal cancer resistance. These findings collectively advance precision oncology through molecular insights and combination therapies.