Recent oncology research is uncovering novel targets and mechanisms to enhance cancer treatment. Studies highlight synergistic effects of Tanshinone IIA with PARP inhibitor olaparib in triple-negative breast cancer, aiming to potentiate apoptosis. Research on ovarian cancer reveals the role of glycosylated N-cadherin recycling in metastasis, while mitochondrial metabolic shifts in colorectal cancer underpin resistance to therapy. Additionally, molecular insights into the roles of CDK1/CDK2 kinases and DHCR24 enzyme expose avenues for arresting tumor progression and modulating tumor immune environments.