Recent studies illuminate how cancer cells manipulate metabolic pathways and the tumor microenvironment to facilitate progression and therapy resistance. Findings include breast cancer cells appropriating mitochondria from neurons to aid metastasis, and cancer-associated fibroblasts driving drug resistance via extracellular matrix remodeling. Additionally, disrupting fat metabolism enzymes such as ACLY in liver cancer promotes immune activation. These discoveries underscore the potential of targeting metabolic and immunological interplay to enhance cancer therapies.