Groundbreaking research in cancer immunotherapy includes discoveries on tumor immune evasion mechanisms involving CSCs and microRNA regulation, as well as novel therapeutic targets such as NSD2 enzyme inhibitors that reprogram chromatin to combat oncogenic processes. Investigations into immune checkpoint molecules like TIGIT and PD-L1 elucidate their roles in breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma, expanding the portfolio of immuno-oncologic interventions. Concurrent advances in CAR T-cell therapy continue to reshape treatment strategies in hematologic and solid tumor malignancies.