Recent studies have uncovered novel insights into Parkinson’s disease pathology and progression. Researchers identified changes in cutaneous nerve fibers linked to Parkinson’s and atypical parkinsonism, highlighting peripheral nervous system involvement. Another study found perivascular fluid diffusivity in the brain predicts early disease decline, potentially enabling earlier diagnosis and intervention. A separate investigation revealed abnormal excitation-inhibition balance affecting gray matter structure-function coupling in Parkinson’s, advancing understanding of neural circuitry alterations.